Chosen threats from wind farms located at sea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.335Keywords:
sustainable development, renewable energy, threats from wind farmAbstract
Paper discussed the problem of threats from wind farm located at sea. It was presented the possibilities (depends on wind energy) of wind energy utilization on the Europe area. It was mentioned the conditions and perspectives of construction the sea wind energy plants in Europe and Poland. It was performed the wind turbines characteristics used on sea shelf. An example of planned investments on Polish economical area and territorial waters was mentioned. It was stayed focused on chosen threats, articulated through groups of people staying in opposite to wind turbine lobby, trying to stem the wind turbine development through localization limitations. The lobby of companies constructed the wind farms (having large funds) and legislation actions e.g. European Union preferring the energy obtained from renewable sources, stands in the opposition of people groups living on the areas in which the wind farms would be located and some groups of ecologists. It is a problem for neutral opinion when the arguments are different from these groups being in accordance with present knowledge and science achievements. Undoubtedly it is a necessary to undertake the compromise actions, allowing for wind power plant development.
Downloads
References
A Guide to an Offshore Wind Farm, Published on a behalf of The Crown Estate, 2015.
Creating the Clean Energy Economy. Analysis of the Offshore Wind Energy Industry, International Economic Development Council, 2013.
Danish Experiences from Offshore Wind Development, Danish Energy Agency, 2017.
Herdzik J., Zdarzenia wypadkowe na morzu i ich główne przy-czyny, Autobusy. Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transpor-towe, 2016, nr 10.
https://wysokienapiecie.pl/10379-morskie-farmy-wiatrowe-planowane-na-baltyku/ (dostęp: 21 maja 2018).
Jurkiewicz J., Oddziaływanie farm wiatrowych na środowisko naturalne i zdrowie człowieka, opracowanie internetowe, 2012.
Mazur M., Sobczak B., Zachowanie się farm wiatrowych w warunkach zagrożenia blackoutem, Instytut Energetyki, Jed-nostka Badawczo-Rozwojowa, Gdańsk, 2007.
Morska farma wiatrowa Bałtyk Środkowy III, Raport o oddzia-ływania na środowisko, tom VI, Grupa Doradcza SMDI, 2015.
morskiefarmywiatrowe.pl (dostęp: 21 maja 2018).
Offshore Wind Energy, Environmental and Energy Study Insti-tute, 2010.
Offshore wind energy. An overview of activities in Germany, Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, Berlin 2015.
Offshore Wind Farms and the Environment, Danish Energy Authority, 2006.
stopwiatrakom.eu (dostęp: 21 maja 2018).
Uraz E., Offshore Wind Turbine Transportation & Installation Analyses. Planning Optimal Marine Operations for Offshore Wind Projects, praca magisterska, Gotland University, Visby 2011.
Wiebes E., Offshore Wind Energy Roadmap 2030, Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy, Haga 2017.
Wilson J.C., i inni, Coastal and Offshore Wind Energy Genera-tion: Is It Environmentally Benign?, Energies 3/2010 str. 1383-1422, doi: 10.3390/en3071383.
www.globenergia.pl/farma-wiatrowa-na -morzu-baltyckim-rozpoczeto-badania/ (dostęp: 12 lutego 2018 r.).