New knowledge generation capabilities and economic performance of Polish regions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/EQUIL.2016.021Keywords:
knowledge creation, innovation capabilities, regional developmentAbstract
Economic growth is a process of long-term transformation shaped by complex interactions between technology, economy, institutions and social factors. A considerable number of studies have shown that among these factors technological advancement and particularly new knowledge generation capabilities may be one of the most important determinants of economic growth and development. Significant disparities in development levels can be observed between Polish regions. The aim of this paper is to look for the sources of these disparities in regional capacity for new knowledge creation. The research method adopted in this paper is based on statistical analysis of the relationship between variables describing new knowledge generation capabilities and GDP per capita in two periods: 2003?2004 and 2012?2013 in 16 Polish regions. Correlation and regression analysis results show that there is a strong positive relationship between regional differences in new knowledge generation capabilities and variations in GDP per capita. The relationship is very strong when one considers three aspects of these capabilities: R&D employment and R&D expenditures denoting inputs to the new knowledge generation process and patenting activity representing its output. These results may serve as an indication for innovation policy at regional level.
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References
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Freeman, C. (2002). Continental, National and Sub-national Innovation Systems ? Complementarity and Economic Growth. Research Policy, 31(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00136-6.
Furman, J. L. & Hayes, R. (2004). Catching up or Standing Still? National Innovative Productivity among ?Follower? Countries, 1978?1999. Research Policy, 33(9).
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Keller, W. (1996). Absorptive Capacity: On the Creation and Acquisition of Technology in Development. Journal of Development Economics, 49(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(95)00060-7.
Kim, L. (1997). Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea?s Technological Learning. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.
Lall, S. (1992). Technological Capabilities and Industrialization. World Development, 20(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(92)90097-f.
Lundvall, B.-?. (1985). Product Innovation and User?Producer Interaction. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press.
Lundvall, B.-?. (1988). Innovation as an Interactive Process: From User-producer Interaction to the National Systems of Innovation. In G. Dosi, C. Freeman, R. Nelson, G. Silverberg, & L. Soete (Eds.). Technical Change and Economic Theory. London: Pinter.
Lundvall, B.-?., Johnson, B., Andersen, E. S &, Dalum, B. (2002). National Systems of Production, Innovation and Competence Building. Research Policy, 31(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00137-8.
Lundvall, B.-?. (2007). National Innovation Systems ? Analytical Concept and Development Tool. Industry and Innovation, 14(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1080/13662710601130863.
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Stokke, H. (2008). Productivity Growth and Organizational Learning. Review of Development Economics, 12(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2008.00445.x.
Verspagen, B. (1991). A New Empirical Approach to Catching up or Falling Behind. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/s0954-349x(05)80008-6.
Abramovitz, M. (1994). The Origins of the Postwar Catch-up and Convergence Boom. In J. Fagerberg, B. Verspagen, & N. von Tunzelmann (Eds.). The Dynamics of Technology, Trade and Growth. Aldershot: Edward Elgar.
Archibugi, D. & Coco, A. (2004). A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo). World Development, 32(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2003.10.008.
Archibugi, D. & Coco, A. (2005). Measuring Technological Capabilities at the Country Level: A Survey and a Menu for Choice. Research Policy, 34(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2004.12.002.
Archibugi, D. Denni, M. & Filippetti, A. (2009). The Technological Capabilities of Nations: The State of the Art of Synthetic Indicators. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 76(7). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore .2009.01.002.
Benhabib, J. & Spiegel, M. (1994). The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development: Evidence from Aggregate Cross-country Data. Journal of Monetary Economics, 34(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(94)90047-7.
Breschi, S. & Malerba, F. (1997). Sectoral Systems of Innovation: Technological Regimes, Schumpeterian Dynamics and Spatial Boundaries. In C. Edquist (Ed.). Systems of Innovation, Pinter, London.
Carlsson, B. & Stankiewicz, R. (1991). On the Nature, Function and Composition of Technological Systems. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 1(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01224915.
Castellacci, F. (2003). A Neo-Schumpeterian Approach to Why Growth Rates Differ. University of Oslo, Strategic University Programme ? Globalisation as a Transformative Force. Working paper, 04/03. August
Castellacci, F. & Natera, J. M. (2013). The Dynamics of National Innovation Systems: A Panel Cointegration Analysis of the Coevolution Between Innovative Capability and Absorptive Capacity. Research Policy, 42(3). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.10.006.
Cerulli, G. (2014). The Impact of Technological Capabilities on Invention: An Investigation Based on Country Responsiveness Scores. World Development, 59. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.01.019.
Cohen, W. M. & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393553.
Cooke, P., Heidenreich, M. & Braczyk, H.-J. (Eds.) (1995). Regional Innovation Systems: The Role of Governance in a Globalized World. Routlege.
Dosi, G., Pavitt, K. & Soete, L. (1990). The Economics of Technical Change and International Trade. London: Harvester Whetsheaf.
Edquist, C. (Ed.) (1997). Systems of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organisations. London: Pinter.
Faber, J., & Hesen, A. B. (2004). Innovation Capabilities of European Nations. Cross-national Analyses of Patents and Sales of Product Innovations. Research Policy, 33.
Fagerberg, J. (1987). A Technology Gap Approach to Why Growth Rates Differ. Research Policy, 16(2-4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(87)90025-4.
Fagerberg, J. (1988a). International Competitiveness. Economic Journal, 98(391). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2233372.
Fagerberg, J. (1988b). Why Growth Rates Differ. In G. Dosi, C. Freeman, R. R. Nelson, G. Silverberg, & L. Soete (Eds.). Technical Change and Economic Theory. London: Pinter.
Fagerberg, J. (1994). Technology and International Differences in Growth Rates. Journal of Economic Literature, 32.
Fagerberg, J. (2000). Technological Progress, Structural Change and Productivity Growth: a Comparative Study. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 11(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-349x(00)00025-4.
Fagerberg, J. & Godinho, M. M. (2005). Innovation and catching-up. In J. Fagerberg, D. Mowery, & R. Nelson (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Innovation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fagerberg, J., Srholec, M. & Knell, M. (2007). The Competitiveness of Nations: Why Some Countries Prosper While Others Fall Behind. World Development, 35(10). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.01.004.
Fagerberg, J. & Srholec M. (2008). National Innovation Systems, Capabilities and Economic Development. Research Policy, 37(9). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.respol.2008.06.003.
Fagerberg, J. & Srholec, M. (2013). Knowledge, Capabilities and the Poverty Trap: The Complex Interplay Between Technological, Social and Geographical Factors. In P. Meusburger, J. Glückler, & M. el Meskioui (Eds.). Knowledge and the Economy. Springer.
Fagerberg, J. & Verspagen, B. (1996). Heading for Divergence? Regional Growth in Europe Reconsidered. Journal of Common Market Studies, 34(3). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1996.tb00580.x.
Fagerberg, J. & Verspagen, B. (2002). Technology-gaps, Innovation-diffusion and Transformation: an Evolutionary Interpretation. Research Policy, 31(8-9). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(02)00064-1.
Fagerberg, J. & Verspagen, B. (2003). Innovation, Growth and Economic Development: Why Some Countries Succeed and Others Don?t. Paper prepared for the First GLOBELICS Conference: Innovation Systems and Development Strategies for the Third Millennium, Rio, 2-6 November.
Filippetti, A. & Peyrache, A. (2011). The Patterns of Technological Capabilities of Countries: A Dual Approach using Composite Indicators and Data Envelopment Analysis. World Development, 39(7). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016 /j.worlddev.2010.12.009.
Freeman, C., Clark, J. & Soete, L. (1982). Unemployment and Technical Innovation: A Study of Long Waves and Economic Development. London: Frances Printer.
Freeman, C. (1987). Technology Policy and Economic Performance: Lessons from Japan. London: Pinter.
Freeman, C. (2002). Continental, National and Sub-national Innovation Systems ? Complementarity and Economic Growth. Research Policy, 31(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00136-6.
Furman, J. L. & Hayes, R. (2004). Catching up or Standing Still? National Innovative Productivity among ?Follower? Countries, 1978?1999. Research Policy, 33(9).
Furman, J. L., Porter, M. E. & Stern, S. (2002). The Determinants of National Innovative Capacity. Research Policy, 31(6). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016 /s0048-7333(01)00152-4.
Goo, Y. & Park, H. (2007). Economic Growth and Convergence with International Differences in Technology. Journal of Macroeconomics, 29(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2005.04.007.
GUS (2006). Nauka i technika w 2004 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2007). Nauka i technika w 2005 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2008). Nauka i technika w 2006 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2009). Nauka i technika w 2007 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2010). Nauka i technika w 2008 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2011). Nauka i technika w 2009 rok. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne, GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2012a). Nauka i technika w 2010 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne, GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2012b). Nauka i technika w 2011 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne, GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2013). Nauka i technika w 2012 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne, GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
GUS (2014). Nauka i technika w 2013 roku. Informacje i opracowania statystyczne, GUS, US w Szczecinie. Warszawa: GUS.
Hasan, I. & Tucci, C. L. (2010). The Innovation?economic Growth Nexus: Global Evidence. Research Policy, 39(10). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.respol.2010.07.005.
Hollanders, H. & El-Sadki, N. (2013). Innovation Union Scoreboard 2013. European Commission, Enterprise and Industry.
Hollanders, H., Rivera, L. & Roman, L. (2012). Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2012. European Commission, Enterprise and Industry.
Huggins, R. & Davies W. (2006). European Competitiveness Index 2006-07. Robert Huggins Associates Ltd.
Keller, W. (1996). Absorptive Capacity: On the Creation and Acquisition of Technology in Development. Journal of Development Economics, 49(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(95)00060-7.
Kim, L. (1997). Imitation to Innovation: The Dynamics of Korea?s Technological Learning. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.
Lall, S. (1992). Technological Capabilities and Industrialization. World Development, 20(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(92)90097-f.
Lundvall, B.-?. (1985). Product Innovation and User?Producer Interaction. Aalborg: Aalborg University Press.
Lundvall, B.-?. (1988). Innovation as an Interactive Process: From User-producer Interaction to the National Systems of Innovation. In G. Dosi, C. Freeman, R. Nelson, G. Silverberg, & L. Soete (Eds.). Technical Change and Economic Theory. London: Pinter.
Lundvall, B.-?., Johnson, B., Andersen, E. S &, Dalum, B. (2002). National Systems of Production, Innovation and Competence Building. Research Policy, 31(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(01)00137-8.
Lundvall, B.-?. (2007). National Innovation Systems ? Analytical Concept and Development Tool. Industry and Innovation, 14(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1080/13662710601130863.
Lundvall, B.-?. (Ed.) (2010). National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter Publishing.
Nelson, R. R. (Ed.) (1993). National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
OECD (2005). Oslo Manual, Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data. European Commission, OECD.
Papageorgiou, C. (2002). Technology Adoption, Human Capital and Growth Theory. Review of Development Economics, 6(3). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1 467-9361.00160.
Saisana, M. & Tarantola, S. (2002). State-of-the-art Report on Current Methodologies and Practices for Composite Indicator Development. European Commission, Joint Research Centre.
Schwab, K. (Ed.) (2012). The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013. World Economic Forum.
Sharif, N. (2006). Emergence and Development of the National Innovation Systems Concept. Research Policy, 35(5). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respo l.2006.04.001.
Stokke, H. (2008). Productivity Growth and Organizational Learning. Review of Development Economics, 12(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2008.00445.x.
Verspagen, B. (1991). A New Empirical Approach to Catching up or Falling Behind. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2(2). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/s0954-349x(05)80008-6.
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Published
2016-09-30
How to Cite
Kondratiuk-Nierodzińska, M. (2016). New knowledge generation capabilities and economic performance of Polish regions. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 11(3), 451–471. https://doi.org/10.12775/EQUIL.2016.021
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Macro and regional development
