How do European seniors perceive and implement the postulates of sustainable tourism?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2023.038

Keywords:

SDGs, sustainable tourism, senior tourism, active aging

Abstract

Research background: Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy, thus the implementation of sustainable solutions in tourism ought to be a worldwide adopted requirement. Tourists should seek to pursue sustainable development goals during their travels. Given the aging population, it is important to encourage seniors to practice sustainable tourism and tailor offerings to their needs.

Purpose of the article: Our study aims to identify the readiness of seniors within the European Union to travel in line with the sustainable development goals.

Methods: Representative data from Flash Eurobarometer 499 were used in the study presented in the article. Correspondence analysis, which is a multidimensional statistical method that facilitates the search for relationships between multiple characteristics of respondents, was used in the course of our study.

Findings & value added: We conclude that the offer of future tourist solutions must be diverse, because the perception of tourism is very different among seniors with varying ages, genders, levels of education, and places of residence. Only small groups of seniors are not ready to adopt sustainable tourism, but many European tourists intend to continue using sustainable solutions and introduce new ones into their tourism. The greatest determination to apply sustainable solutions was observed among German seniors, especially in the use of green transportation.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alén, E., Domínguez, T., & Losada, N. (2012). New opportunities for the tourism market: Senior tourism and accessible tourism. In M. Kasimoglu (Ed.). Visions for global tourism industry - creating and sustaining competitive strategies (pp. 139– 166). InTech.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/38092
View in Google Scholar

Almeida-Silva, M., Monteiro, A., Carvalho, A. R., Teixeira, A. M., Moreira, J., Tavares, D., Tomás, M. T., Coelho, A., & Manteigas, V. (2022). Sustainable and active program—development and application of SAVING methodology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6803.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116803
View in Google Scholar

Andersen, E. B. (1997). Introduction to the statistical analysis of categorical data. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59123-5
View in Google Scholar

Antunes, M., Dias, Á., Gonçalves, F., Sousa, B., & Pereira, L. (2023). Measuring sustainable tourism lifestyle entrepreneurship orientation to improve tourist experience. Sustainability, 15(2), 1201.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021201
View in Google Scholar

Apak, Ö. C., & Gürbüz, A. (2023). The effect of local food consumption of domestic tourists on sustainable tourism. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 71, 103192.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103192
View in Google Scholar

Bąk, I., Szczecińska, B., & Cheba, K. (2019). The impact of transport on the quality of the environment in cities of Poland - A statistical analysis. Transportation Research Procedia, 39, 24–33.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2019.06.004
View in Google Scholar

Balas, M., & Abson, D. J. (2022). Characterising and identifying gaps in sustainability assessments of tourism - A review. Tourism Management Perspectives, 43, 101004.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101004
View in Google Scholar

Bolderdijk, J. W., Steg, L., Geller, E. S., Lehman, P. K., & Postmes, T. (2013). Comparing the effectiveness of monetary versus moral motives in environmental campaigning. Nature Climate Change, 3(4), 413–416.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1767
View in Google Scholar

Bučar, K., Hendija, Z., & Katić, I. (2022). Ecolabels as a tool of sustainable development in tourist destinations. Sustainability, 14, 6313.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106313
View in Google Scholar

Chang, L., Moyle, B. D., Dupre, K., Filep, S., & Vada, S. (2022). Progress in research on seniors’ well-being in tourism: A systematic review. Tourism Management Perspectives, 44, 101040.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101040
View in Google Scholar

Chen, Y.-C., Lee, C.-S., Tsui, P.-L., & Chiang, M.-C. (2023). Developing sustainable indicators for forest farm tourism services for senior citizens: Towards the establishment of a comprehensive and comfortable environment. Forests, 14(6), 1155.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f14061155
View in Google Scholar

Chilufya, A., Hughes, E., & Scheyvens, R. (2019). Tourists and community development: Corporate social responsibility or tourist social responsibility? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(10), 1513–1529.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1643871
View in Google Scholar

Choi, H. S. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2005). Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 80–394.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505274651
View in Google Scholar

Cohen, S. A., Prayag, G., & Moital, M. (2014). Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities. Current Issues in Tourism, 17(10), 872–909.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.850064
View in Google Scholar

Cox, C. (2020). The Sustainable Development Goals and aging: Implications for social work. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 5, 39–47.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41134-019-00110-3
View in Google Scholar

de Andreis, F., & Carioni, M. (2022). Destination management and experiential tourism. Conferencii, 2(5), 35–41.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51586/RAI2022-2-5
View in Google Scholar

Demeter, C., Fechner, D., & Dolnicar, S. (2023). Progress in field experimentation for environmentally sustainable tourism – A knowledge map and research agenda. Tourism Management, 94, 104633.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104633
View in Google Scholar

Eurofound (2017). European quality of life survey 2016: Quality of life, quality of public services, and quality of society. Publications Office of the European Union.
View in Google Scholar

European Commission (2022a). Flash Eurobarometer 499 (Attitudes of Europeans towards tourism, Autumn 2021). GESIS.
View in Google Scholar

European Commission (2022b). Flash Eurobarometer 499 (Attitudes of Europeans towards tourism, Autumn 2021) - Report.
View in Google Scholar

Eurostat (2023). Demographic balances and indicators by type of projection. (proj_19ndbi [Data Set]). Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databr owser/view/proj_19ndbi__custom8851272/default/table?lang=en.
View in Google Scholar

Ezzedine, K., Bergqvist, C., Baissac, C., Cullell, N. P., Aroman, M. Saint, Taïeb, C., & Lim, H. W. (2023). Use of multiple correspondence analysis to explore associations between caregivers and sun protective habits during summer vacations. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. Advance online publication.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ced/llad260
View in Google Scholar

Fan, D. X. F. (2023). Understanding the tourist-resident relationship through social contact: Progressing the development of social contact in tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(2), 406–424.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1852409
View in Google Scholar

Faranda, W. T., & Schmidt, S. L. (2000). Segmentation and the senior traveler: Implications for today’s and tomorrow’s aging consume. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 8(2), 3–27.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v08n02_02
View in Google Scholar

Font, X., Torres-Delgado, A., Crabolu, G., Palomo Martinez, J., Kantenbacher, J., & Miller, G. (2023). The impact of sustainable tourism indicators on destination competitiveness: The European tourism indicator system. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(7), 1608–1630.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1910281
View in Google Scholar

Fusté-Forné, F., & Michael, N. (2023). Limited tourism: Travel bubbles for a sustainable future. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(1), 73–90.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1954654
View in Google Scholar

Gautam, V. (2023). Why local residents support sustainable tourism development? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(3), 877–893.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2082449
View in Google Scholar

Gössling, S., Scott, D., & Hall, C. M. (2021). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of COVID-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1–20.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1758708
View in Google Scholar

Greenacre, M. (1984). Theory and applications of correspondence analysis. Academic Press.
View in Google Scholar

Greenacre, M. (2010). Biplots in practice. Fundación BBVA.
View in Google Scholar

Hajra, V., & Aggarwal, A. (2023). Unveiling the antecedents of senior citizens′ behavioural intentions to travel: A mixed-method approach. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 23(3), 312–331.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221085459
View in Google Scholar

Han, H. (2021). Consumer behavior and environmental sustainability in tourism and hospitality: A review of theories, concepts, and latest research. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(7), 1021–1042.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1903019
View in Google Scholar

Hardy, A., Beeton, R. J. S., & Pearson, L. (2002). Sustainable tourism: An overview of the concept and its position in relation to conceptualisations of tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(6), 475–496.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580208667183
View in Google Scholar

Hjalager, A.-M. (2000). Consumerism and sustainable tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 8(3), 1–20.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v08n03_01
View in Google Scholar

Hrnjić, A., Šuta, N., & Pilav-Velić, A. (2016). Innovation in senior tourism: Creating energy efficient and health supported tourist offer. Review of Innovation and Competitiveness, 2, 5–18.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32728/ric.2016.24/1
View in Google Scholar

Hu, F., Wen, J., Phau, I., Ying, T., Aston, J., & Wang, W. (2023). The role of tourism in healthy aging: An interdisciplinary literature review and conceptual model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 56, 356–366.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.07.013
View in Google Scholar

Huber, D., Milne, S., & Hyde, K. F. (2018). Constraints and facilitators for senior tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 27, 55–67.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.04.003
View in Google Scholar

Hwang, J., & Lee, J. (2019). A strategy for enhancing senior tourists’ well-being perception: Focusing on the experience economy. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(3), 314–329.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1541776
View in Google Scholar

Jagoda, A., Kołakowski, T., Marcinkowski, J., Cheba, K., & Hajdas, M. (2023). E-customer preferences on sustainable last mile deliveries in the e-commerce market: A cross-generational perspective. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 18(3), 853–882.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2023.027
View in Google Scholar

Jasrotia, S. S., Kamila, M. K., & Patel, V. K. (2023). Impact of sustainable tourism on tourist’s satisfaction: Evidence from India. Business Perspectives and Research, 11(2), 173–189.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/22785337211043960
View in Google Scholar

Jobson, J. D. (1992). Applied multivariate data analysis. New York: Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0921-8
View in Google Scholar

Jus, N., & Misrahi, T. (2021). Travel & tourism economic impact. Global economic impact & trends 2021. Retrieved from https://wttc.org/Portals/0/Documents/Rep orts/2021/Global%20Economic%20Impact%20and%20Trends%202021.pdf
View in Google Scholar

Kassem, A., Ragab, A. M., Alomran, A., Alotaibi, E., Ahmed, T. A., Shaker, E., & Alajloni, A. (2021). Underlying factors of tourist social responsibility (Tsr) within the covid-19 context: An empirical investigation of the Saudi tourism market. Sustainability, 13, 13342.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313342
View in Google Scholar

Kiba-Janiak, M., Cheba, K., Mucowska, M., & de Oliveira, L. K. (2022). Segmentation of e-customers in terms of sustainable last-mile delivery. Oeconomia Copernicana, 13(4), 1117–1142.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.2022.032
View in Google Scholar

Kim, H., Woo, E., & Uysal, M. (2015). Tourism experience and quality of life among elderly tourists. Tourism Management, 46, 465–476.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.08.002
View in Google Scholar

Kiuru, H., & Valokivi, H. (2022). “I do those things to pass the time.”: Active ageing during fourth age. Journal of Aging Studies, 61, 101037.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101037
View in Google Scholar

Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J. (2002). Mind the gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? Environmental Education Research, 8(3), 239–260.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401
View in Google Scholar

Kos-Łabędowicz, J., & Trzęsiok, J. (2021). Do seniors get to the disco by bike or in a taxi?—Classification of seniors according to their preferred means of transport. In K. Jajuga, K. Najman & M. Walesiak (Eds.). Data analysis and classification. SKAD 2020. Studies in classification, data analysis, and knowledge organization (pp. 271–291). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75190-6_16
View in Google Scholar

Kyriakou, D., & Belias, D. (2017). Is silver economy a new way of tourism potential for Greece? In V. Katsoni, A. Upadhya & A. Stratigea (Eds.). Tourism, culture and heritage in a smart economy. Springer proceedings in business and economics (pp. 425–435). Cham: Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47732-9_28
View in Google Scholar

Larsen, G. R., & Guiver, J. W. (2013). Understanding tourists’ perceptions of distance: A key to reducing the environmental impacts of tourism mobility. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(7), 968–981.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.819878
View in Google Scholar

Leal Filho, W., Wolf, F., Lange Salvia, A., Beynaghi, A., Shulla, K., Kovaleva, M., & Vasconcelos, C. R. P. (2020). Heading towards an unsustainable world: Some of the implications of not achieving the SDGs. Discover Sustainability, 1(2).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-020-00002-x
View in Google Scholar

Liew, S. L., Hussin, S. R., & Abdullah, N. H. (2021). Attributes of senior-friendly tourism destinations for current and future senior tourists: An importance-performance analysis approach. SAGE Open, 11(1).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244021998658
View in Google Scholar

Losada, N., Alén, E., Cotos-Yáñez, T. R., & Domínguez, T. (2019). Spatial heterogeneity in Spain for senior travel behavior. Tourism Management, 70, 444–452.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.011
View in Google Scholar

Losada, N., Alén, E., Domínguez, T., & Nicolau, J. L. (2016). Travel frequency of seniors tourists. Tourism Management, 53, 88–95.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.09.013
View in Google Scholar

Loureiro, S. M. C., Guerreiro, J., & Han, H. (2022). Past, present, and future of pro-environmental behavior in tourism and hospitality: A text-mining approach. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(1), 258–278.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2021.1875477
View in Google Scholar

Mendes, J., Medeiros, T., Silva, O., Tomás, L., Silva, L., & Ferreira, J. A. (2022). PERMA model of well-being applied to Portuguese senior tourists: A confirmatory factor analysis. Sustainability, 14(13), 7538.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137538
View in Google Scholar

Mensah, J. (2019). Sustainable development: Meaning, history, principles, pillars, and implications for human action: Literature review. Cogent Social Sciences, 5(1), 1653531.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1653531
View in Google Scholar

Mihalič, T. (2023). Quality of life-cantered tourism sustainability paradigm. In M. Uysal & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.). Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life research II. International handbooks of quality-of-life (pp. 397–411). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31513-8_27
View in Google Scholar

Miller, G., & Torres-Delgado, A. (2023). Measuring sustainable tourism: A state of the art review of sustainable tourism indicators. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(7), 1483–1496.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2213859
View in Google Scholar

Nicolau, J. L., Losada, N., Alén, E., & Domínguez, T. (2020). The staged nature of decision making among senior tourists. Journal of Travel Research, 59(4), 602–613.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519851229
View in Google Scholar

Otoo, F. E., Kim, S., & Choi, Y. (2020). Understanding senior tourists’ preferences and characteristics based on their overseas travel motivation clusters. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(2), 246–257.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2020.1740136
View in Google Scholar

Pak, T.-Y. (2020). Old-Age income security and tourism demand: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Travel Research, 59(7), 1298–1315.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519878512
View in Google Scholar

Panasiuk, A., & Wszendybył-Skulska, E. (2021). Social aspects of tourism policy in the European Union. The example of Poland and Slovakia. Economies, 9(1), 16.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9010016
View in Google Scholar

Patterson, I., & Balderas, A. (2020). Continuing and emerging trends of senior tourism: A review of the literature. Journal of Population Ageing, 13(3), 385–399.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12062-018-9228-4
View in Google Scholar

Patterson, I., Balderas-Cejudo, A., & Pegg, S. (2021). Tourism preferences of seniors and their impact on healthy ageing. Anatolia, 32(4), 553–564.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2021.1999753
View in Google Scholar

Peters, J., & Roose, H. (2023). The grant proposal as a genre. A multiple correspondence analysis of visual artists and their legitimations for government grants in flanders, 1965–2015. Cultural Sociology, 17(4), 514–537.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/17499755221111853
View in Google Scholar

Przybysz, K., & Stanimir, A. (2022). Tourism-related needs in the context of seniors’ living and social conditions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), 15325.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215325
View in Google Scholar

Przybysz, K., & Stanimir, A. (2023). How active are European seniors—their personal ways to active ageing? Is seniors’ activity in line with the expectations of the active ageing strategy? Sustainability, 15(13), 10404.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310404
View in Google Scholar

Przybysz, K., Stanimir, A., & Wasiak, M. (2021). Europe 2020 Strategy—objective evaluation of realization and subjective assessment by seniors as beneficiaries of social assumptions. In K. Jajuga, K. Najman & M. Walesiak (Eds.). Data analysis and classification. SKAD 2020. Studies in classification, data analysis, and knowledge organization (pp. 245–269). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75190-6_15
View in Google Scholar

Qiao, G., Ding, L., Xiang, K., Prideaux, B., & Xu, J. (2022). Understanding the value of tourism to seniors’ health and positive aging. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 1476.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031476
View in Google Scholar

Quan, L., Kim, J. J., & Han, H. (2022). Customer views on comprehensive green hotel selection attributes and analysis of importance-performance. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 39(6), 535–554.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2022.2162657
View in Google Scholar

Ridderstaat, J. (2023). Tourism development and quality of life research: Towards a new study paradigm. In M. Uysal & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.). Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life research II. International handbooks of quality-of-life (pp. 49–71). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31513-8_5
View in Google Scholar

Rudge, M. (2020). Ageing and the SDGs. Six steps to older people’s inclusion. Retrieved from https://www.helpage.org/silo/files/ageing-and-the-sdgssix-steps-to-older-peoples-inclusion.pdf.
View in Google Scholar

Sien Leong, L., Hussin, S. R., & Abdullah, N. H. (2023). Why not travel to Malaysia? Perspectives of future senior tourists toward senior-friendly destination attributes. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 24(1), 75–100.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2021.2024108
View in Google Scholar

Silva, O., Medeiros, T., Moniz, A. I., Tomás, L., Furtado, S., & Ferreira, J. (2020). Tourists’ characteristics, travel motivation and satisfaction. In Á. Rocha, A. Abreu, J. de Carvalho, D. Liberato, E. González & P. Liberato (Eds.). Advances in tourism, technology and smart systems. Smart innovation, systems and technologies (pp. 427–436). Springer.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2024-2_38
View in Google Scholar

Steptoe, A., & Zaninotto, P. (2020). Lower socioeconomic status and the acceleration of aging: An outcome-wide analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(26), 14911–14917.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915741117
View in Google Scholar

Streimikiene, D., Svagzdiene, B., Jasinskas, E., & Simanavicius, A. (2021). Sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: The systematic literature review. Sustainable Development, 29(1), 259–271.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2133
View in Google Scholar

United Nations (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1). UN General Assembly. Retrieved from https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N15/291/89/PDF/N1529189.pdf?OpenEleme nt.
View in Google Scholar

Woosnam, K. M., Stylidis, D., & Ivkov, M. (2020). Explaining conative destination image through cognitive and affective destination image and emotional solidarity with residents. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(6), 917–935.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2019.1708920
View in Google Scholar

World Health Organization (2002). Active ageing. A policy framework. World Health Organization.
View in Google Scholar

World Health Organization (2015). World report on ageing and health. World Health Organization.
View in Google Scholar

World Tourism Organization (2017). UNWTO annual report 2016.
View in Google Scholar

World Tourism Organization and United Nations Development Programme [WTO and UNDP] (2017). Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals – journey to 2030. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).
View in Google Scholar

World Tourism Organization and United Nations Environment Programme [WTO and UNEP]. (2008). Climate change and tourism – responding to global challenges. In Climate change and tourism – responding to global challenges. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284412341
View in Google Scholar

World Travel & Tourism Council [WTTC]. (2023). Economic impact research. Retrieved from https://wttc.org/research/economic-impact.
View in Google Scholar

Wu, J., Font, X., & Liu, J. (2021). Tourists’ pro-environmental behaviors: Moral obligation or disengagement? Journal of Travel Research, 60(4), 735–748.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520910787
View in Google Scholar

Zhang, Q., Zhang, H., & Xu, H. (2021). Health tourism destinations as therapeutic landscapes: Understanding the health perceptions of senior seasonal migrants. Social Science & Medicine, 279, 113951.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113951
View in Google Scholar

Zhao, H., Jiang, S., Fu, L., & Ke, X. (2023). Elderly tourism management: A bibliometric approach. Innovative Marketing, 19(3), 211–225.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(3).2023.18
View in Google Scholar

Zsarnoczky, M., David, L., Mukayev, Z., & Baiburiev, R. (2016). Silver tourism in the European Union. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 18(2), 224–232.
View in Google Scholar

Downloads

Published

2023-12-30

How to Cite

Sharma, G. D., Stanimir, A., Przybysz, K., & Roszko-Wójtowicz, E. (2023). How do European seniors perceive and implement the postulates of sustainable tourism?. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 18(4), 1217–1249. https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2023.038

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.